Basketball Court

Principles
Standards and Applications

Basketball Court lighting Principles

Stadium lighting is an important part of stadium design, and is relatively complex. It must not only meet the requirements of the athletes to play and the audience to watch, but also to meet the requirements of shooting movies and live TV on the color temperature of lighting, illumination, illumination uniformity, etc. This requirement is much higher than that of the athletes and the audience. In addition, the lighting fixtures need to be laid out in a way that closely matches the overall planning of the stadium, the structural form of the stands. In particular, the maintenance of lighting equipment is closely related to the architectural design. To make comprehensive consideration. Modern sports Yang generally use high-powered metal halide lamp as a light source, the vast majority of 2000W metal halide lamp, which has a high luminous efficiency (about 80-100lm / W, high color rendering, color temperature between 5000-6000K, to meet the requirements of high-definition color television (HDTV) for outdoor lighting. General light source life of more than 3000h, lamp efficiency can reach 80%, lamps and lanterns dustproof waterproof level requirements of not less than IP55, the current common high-power floodlights protection level up to IP65.
The choice of light source.

I. Lamps installed at a high height of the stadium, the light source should be used metal halide lamps. B. The roof is low, the area of a small indoor stadium, it is appropriate to use straight fluorescent lamps and low-power metal halide lamps. Three. Special places light source can be used halogen lamps. IV. The power of the light source should be adapted to the size of the playing field, installation location and height. Outdoor stadiums are suitable for high-powered and medium-powered metal halide lamps, should ensure that the light source work uninterrupted or fast start. V. Light source should have a suitable color temperature, good color rendering, high luminous efficiency, long life and stable ignition and photoelectric properties. VI. The relevant color temperature of the light source and the application can be determined in accordance with the following table.
The Relevant Color Temperature of the Light Source and the Application

CCT（K） Light Color Stadium Applications

<3300 Warm Light Small training sites, non-competition sites

3300~5300 Middle Light Training place, competition place

>5300 Cold Light

2. Selection of lamps

I. The safety performance of lamps and accessories should fully comply with the provisions of the relevant standards.

II. The electric shock protection level of the luminaire should meet the following requirements.

Should be selected with a metal shell grounded class I lamps and lanterns or class II lamps and lanterns.

Swimming pools and similar places should be used to prevent electric shock class III lamps and lanterns.

III. The efficiency of the luminaire should not be lower than the provisions of the following table.
Lamp Efficiency（%）

High-intensity gas discharge lamps and lanterns 65

Grille type fluorescent lamps and lanterns 60

Transparent protective cover fluorescent lamps and lanterns 65

IV. Lamps should have a variety of light distribution forms, stadium lighting lamps and lanterns can be classified according to the following table.
Flood light fixture classification

Beam Angle Classification Beam Tension Range (°)

Narrow Beam Angle 10~45

Medium Beam Angle 46~100

Wide Beam Angle 100~160

Note:

According to the beam distribution range 1/10 the maximum light intensity of the tension angle classification.

(1) Lighting distribution should be installed with lamps and lanterns height, location and lighting requirements. Outdoor stadiums should use narrow and medium beam lamps and lanterns, indoor stadiums should use medium and wide beam lamps and lanterns.

(2) luminaires should have anti-glare measures.

(3) lamps and accessories should be able to meet the requirements of the use of the environment, lamps should be high strength, corrosion resistance, lamps and electrical accessories must meet the requirements of heat-resistant grade.

(4) metal halide lamps should not be used open lamps. Lamp shell protection level should not be less than IP55, not easy to maintain or serious pollution of the premises protection level should not be less than IP65.

(5) The luminaire should be opened in such a way as to ensure that the aiming angle is not changed during maintenance.

(6) Installed in the high air lamps and lanterns should be light weight, small volume and wind load coefficient of small products.

(7) The luminaire should come with or be accompanied by an angle-adjusting indicator device. Luminaire locking device should be able to withstand the maximum wind load under the conditions of use.

(8) The luminaire and its accessories should have anti-falling measures.
3. The choice of lamp accessories

I. The selected lighting fixtures should be lamps and lanterns should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards.

II. According to the environmental requirements of the lighting place, respectively, the following lamps and lanterns.

III. In the place of corrosive gas or steam, it is appropriate to use anti-corrosion closed lamps and lanterns.

IV. In the vibration, swinging places of lamps and lanterns should be anti-vibration, anti-shedding measures.

V. In the need to prevent ultraviolet radiation places, should be used to isolate ultraviolet lamps and lanterns or no firewood light source. Six. Directly mounted on the surface of combustible materials, lamps and lanterns should be marked with “F” mark

Products Recommended

The standard values for lighting in basketball and volleyball of the National Sports Federation (GAISF)

Type of Sport		E_h	E_vmai	E_vaux	Horizontal illumination uniformity		Vertical illuminance uniformity		Ra	T_k(K)
Type of Sport		E_h	E_vmai	E_vaux	U₁	U₂	U₁	U₂	Ra	T_k(K)
Amateur level	Physical Training	150	-	-	0.4	0.6	-	-	20	4000
	Non-competitive, recreational activity	300	-	-	0.4	0.6	-	-	65	4000
	Domestic competition	600	-	-	0.5	0.7	-	-	65	4000
Professional level	Physical Training	300	-	-	0.4	0.6	-	-	65	4000
	Domestic competition	750	-	-	0.5	0.7	-	-	65	4000
	Domestic matches televised by TV	-	750	500	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	65	4000
	International matches televised by TV	-	1000	750	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.6	65，80 better	4000
	High Definition HDTV Broadcast	-	2000	1500	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7	80	4000
	TV Emergency		750	-	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	65，80 better	4000

Note:

1. Competition venue size: basketball 19m * 32m (PPA: 15m * 28m); volleyball 13m * 22m (PPA: 9m * 18m).

2. The best location of the camera: the main camera is located in the long axis of the game site on the vertical line, the standard height of 4 ~ 5m; auxiliary cameras are located in the goal, sideline, the back of the bottom line.

3. Calculate the grid of 2m * 2m.

4. The measurement grid (the best) is 2m*2m, the maximum is 4m.

5. As the players look upwards from time to time, the parallax between the roof and the lighting should be avoided.

6. The International Amateur Basketball Federation (FIBA) stipulates that for new sports facilities holding televised international matches with a total area of 40m*25m. The normal vertical illumination requirements of the arena is not less than 1500lx. Lighting (when the ceiling is polished) should be arranged to avoid glare on the players and spectators light.

7.It is estimated that the size of the playing field required by the FVB is 19m*34m (PPA: 9m*18m), and the minimum vertical illumination in the direction of the main camera is 1500lx.

II The way to lay lights

Implementation

Section III. Installation and commissioning of blue ball stadium lighting equipment

1. The arrangement of blue ball stadium lighting

I. Indoor blue dome lighting should be arranged in the following way:

1. Direct lighting fixture arrangement

(1) Top arrangement The luminaire is arranged above the field, and the beam is arranged perpendicular to the field plane.

(2) two side layout luminaires are arranged on both sides of the field, the beam is not perpendicular to the field plane layout.

(3) Mixed arrangement The combination of top arrangement and both sides arrangement.

(A) outdoor soccer field

(1) The top arrangement is suitable for the use of symmetrical light distribution lamps, suitable for the main use of low space, the ground level illumination uniformity requirements are high, and no television broadcast requirements of the stadium. Figure: 6-3-2-1
(2). Both sides of the lamp should be used asymmetric light distribution lamps and lanterns, arranged on the horse path, suitable for high vertical illumination requirements and television broadcast requirements of the stadium. When the two sides of the cloth lights, lamps and lanterns aiming angle should not be greater than 65 degrees. Figure 6.3.2-3,
(3) Mixed arrangement is appropriate to use a variety of light distribution form of lamps and lanterns, suitable for large comprehensive stadium. The arrangement of lamps and lanterns see the top arrangement and both sides of the arrangement.
(4) In accordance with the layout of bright lamps and lanterns should be used in a wide beam of light distribution lamps and lanterns, suitable for low floor height, span and top grid reflective conditions of the building space, while applicable to the glare restrictions are more stringent and no television broadcast requirements of the stadium, not applicable to hanging lamps and lanterns and the installation of the building structure. Figure 6.3.2-5

The blue dome lighting arrangement should comply with the following provisions.

CCT（K）	Light Color	Stadium Applications
<3300	Warm Light	Small training sites, non-competition sites
3300~5300	Middle Light	Training place, competition place
>5300	Cold Light	Training place, competition place

High-intensity gas discharge lamps and lanterns	65
Grille type fluorescent lamps and lanterns	60
Transparent protective cover fluorescent lamps and lanterns	65

Beam Angle Classification	Beam Tension Range (°)
Narrow Beam Angle	10~45
Medium Beam Angle	46~100
Wide Beam Angle	100~160