Volleyball Court

Principles
Standards and Applications

Volleyball is one of the ball sports, the court is rectangular with a high net in the middle, each side of the game occupies one side of the court, the ball used in volleyball, with sheepskin or artificial leather for the shell, rubber for the gall, the size is similar to the football. The standard volleyball court is 18m long and 9m wide, with a buffer zone of 3m outside the change line and 3m outside the baseline, and 5m outside the change line and 8m outside the baseline. 7m above the court and 12.5m inside the international standard, with no obstacles.
The volleyball flies through the air in many directions and angles, and the player is also moving in many angles and directions and at different speeds. The player’s playing process is the process of tracking the ball’s flight path and aerial positioning.
What are the requirements for volleyball court ground lighting?
1. Volleyball court lighting has different illumination requirements for athletes, spectators and venue photography, with the vertical illuminance of the athletes’ playing field sidelines as the basic reference illuminance. The illumination can meet the requirements of athletes playing and spectators watching, as well as live matches. The visual effect is most comfortable when the horizontal and vertical illuminance of the stadium are equal, and even if they are not equal, the horizontal illuminance should not exceed two times the vertical illuminance. As the stadium is a three-dimensional space, indoor stadium lighting must have high luminance and strong colour contrast, and computer calculated lighting control points must have sufficient illuminance to ensure uniformity of illuminance. Colour temperature and colour rendering must meet demand television broadcasts, while glare should be controlled.
2. According to the characteristics of indoor volleyball court lighting, indoor volleyball court lighting quality objectives are as follows: in the overall to achieve the court lighting as daylight. The light is pure white, pure in colour, bright and clear. Light stable, smooth, not fluctuating, no strobe effect hazards; volleyball court lighting does not produce glare, no glare hazards, the venue lighting is not shaky, not dazzling, not harsh, not dazzling.
Ensure that volleyball flight trajectory in the air is real, no trailing, no ghosting, real and accurate air positioning. Athletes hit the ball accurately and steadily, with visual comfort and no fatigue.

Products Recommended

Volleyball Lighting Design Standards
The lighting standards refer to the national standard JGJ153-2016, in which the lighting requirements for volleyball courts are as follows.

Grade	Use of Functions	Illumination(lx)			Illumination Uniformity						Light Source		Glare Index GR
		Eh	Evmai	Evaux	Uh		Uvmin		Uvaux		Ra
		Eh	Evmai	Evaux	U1	U2	U1	U2	U1	U2	Ra	Tcp(K)
Ⅰ	Training and Recreational Activities	300	—	—	—	0.3	—	—	—	—	≥65	—	≤35
Ⅱ	Amateur Competitions, Professional Training	500	—	—	0.4	0.6	—	—	—	—	≥65	≥4000	≤30
Ⅲ	Professional Competitions	700	—	—	0.5	0.7	—	—	—	—	≥65	≥4000	≤30
Ⅳ	TV broadcasts of National and International Competitions	—	1000	750	0.5	0.7	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.5	≥80	≥4000	≤30
Ⅴ	TV coverage of Major International Competitions	—	1400	1000	0.6	0.8	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	≥80	≥4000	≤30
Ⅵ	HDTV Broadcasts of Major International Competitions	—	2000	1400	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.6	≥90	≥5500	≤30
—	TV Emergency	—	750	—	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	—	—	≥80	≥4000	≤30

GAISF (International Association of Sports Federations) Lighting Standards for Volleyball Courts

Type		EH(lx)	Evmai(lx)	Evaux(lx)	Horizontal Illumination Uniformity		Vertical Illuminance Uniformity		Ra	Tk(K)
Type		EH(lx)	Evmai(lx)	Evaux(lx)	U1	U2	U1	U2	Ra	Tk(K)
Amateur Level	Physical training	150	—	—	0.4	0.6	—	—	20	4000
	Non-competitive, recreational activities	300	—	—	0.4	0.6	—	—	65	4000
	National competitions	600	—	—	0.5	0.7	—	—	65	4000
Professional Level	Physical training	300	—	—	0.4	0.6	—	—	65	4000
	Domestic competitions	750	—	—	0.5	0.7	—	—	65	4000
	Domestic matches televised on TV	—	750	500	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	65	4000
	International matches on TV	—	1000	750	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.6	65, 80	4000
	High Definition HDTV Broadcast	—	2000	1500	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7	80	4000
	TV Emergency	—	750	—	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.5	65, 80	4000

II The way to lay lights

The Way of Lighting Layout
Volleyball court lighting layout mainly uses direct lighting fixture arrangement, direct lighting fixture arrangement can give full play to the effectiveness of the sports lighting system, high efficiency, good energy-saving effect, is currently the mainstream system worldwide. It includes.

(A) outdoor soccer field

1. The top layout, that is, the lamps and lanterns are arranged above the venue, the beam of light perpendicular to the venue plane layout. It is advisable to use symmetrical light distribution lamps, suitable for the main use of low space, the ground level illumination uniformity requirements are high, and no television broadcast requirements of the stadium.

2. Both sides of the light should be used asymmetrical light distribution luminaires, arranged in the road, applicable to the vertical illumination requirements of high and televised requirements of the stadium. The aiming angle of the luminaire should not be greater than 65 degrees when the two sides are laid out. This is widely used in stadiums with television broadcast requirements.

3. Mixed arrangement should be used for a variety of light distribution form of lamps, suitable for large comprehensive stadium. The arrangement of lamps and lanterns see the top arrangement and both sides of the arrangement.

4. With the direct lighting system, indirect lighting fixtures arrangement of soft light, glare control, but energy consumption, its lamps upward irradiation, through the roof of the reflected light for the site lighting. Indirect lighting luminaire arrangement should be used with medium and wide beam light distribution luminaire, suitable for high floor, large span and roof reflective conditions of the building space, not applicable to the installation of suspended lamps and lanterns of the building and strict restrictions on glare, there are television broadcast requirements of the stadium.

Volleyball Court6